Cell surface receptors, virus entry and tropism of primate lentiviruses.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exploits cell surface receptors to attach to and gain entry into cells. The HIV envelope spike glycoprotein on the surface of virus particles binds both CD4 and a seven-transmembrane coreceptor. These interactions trigger conformational changes in the envelope spike that induce fusion of viral and cellular membranes and entry of the viral core into the cell cytoplasm. Other cell surface receptors also interact with gp120 and aid attachment of virus particles. This review describes these receptors, their roles in HIV entry and their influence on cell tropism.
منابع مشابه
Nef proteins from diverse groups of primate lentiviruses downmodulate CXCR4 to inhibit migration to the chemokine stromal derived factor 1.
Nef proteins of primate lentiviruses promote viral replication, virion infectivity, and evasion of antiviral immune responses by modulating signal transduction pathways and downregulating expression of receptors at the cell surface that are important for efficient antigen-specific responses, such as CD4, CD28, T-cell antigen receptor, and class I and class II major histocompatibility complex. H...
متن کاملChemokine receptors and human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Primate lentiviruses infect target cells by interacting with the cell surface protein, CD4 and additional molecules, termed coreceptors. Recently, HIV-1 coreceptors have been identified as seven transmembrane spanning, G-protein coupled receptors of the chemokine receptor family. Thus, expression of CD4 and an appropriate coreceptor is both necessary and sufficient to render target cell permiss...
متن کاملFeline immunodeficiency virus xenoinfection: the role of chemokine receptors and envelope diversity.
The use of chemokine receptors as cell recognition signals is a property common to several lentiviruses, including feline, human, and simian immunodeficiency viruses. Previously, two feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) isolates, V1CSF and Petaluma, were shown to use chemokine receptors in a strain-dependent manner to infect human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) (J. Johnston and C. Pow...
متن کاملCapsid-dependent and -independent postentry restriction of primate lentivirus tropism in rodent cells.
Retrovirus tropism can be restricted by cellular factors such as Fv1, Ref1, and Lv1 that inhibit infection by targeting the incoming viral capsid. Here, we show that rodent cells exhibit differential sensitivity to infection by vesicular stomatitis virus G-pseudotyped lentiviruses and that differences between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac) infecti...
متن کاملCell-surface receptors for retroviruses and implications for gene transfer.
Retroviruses can utilize a variety of cell-surface proteins for binding and entry into cells, and the cloning of several of these viral receptors has allowed refinement of models to explain retrovirus tropism. A single receptor appears to be necessary and sufficient for entry of many retroviruses, but exceptions to this simple model are accumulating. For example, HIV requires two proteins for c...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
- The Journal of general virology
دوره 83 Pt 8 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2002